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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: Aging and tissue engineering applications to enhance bone healing
Hang Lin1, Jihee Sohn2, He Shen3
1Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Biomaterials
|July 8, 2018
Summary
Aging impairs bone healing by affecting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This review explores MSC aging, bone regeneration, and tissue engineering strategies to enhance bone repair in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
- Gerontology
Background:
- Bone possesses natural healing capabilities, but aging compromises fracture repair and increases bone disease incidence.
- Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show therapeutic potential for bone regeneration through differentiation, cell recruitment, and trophic factor production.
- Systemic aging leads to functional decline in MSCs, impacting their regenerative capacity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe age-related changes in MSCs and their effects on bone regeneration.
- To review current research in bone tissue engineering, emphasizing MSCs and biomaterials.
- To discuss strategies for preventing MSC aging and rejuvenating aged MSCs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on MSC aging, bone regeneration, and bone tissue engineering.
- Analysis of the functional decline of MSCs with age.
- Examination of the role of MSCs and biomaterial scaffolds in bone repair.
Main Results:
- Aging significantly alters MSC function, negatively impacting bone regeneration.
- Bone tissue engineering, utilizing MSCs and biomaterials, presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
- Research highlights the critical role of MSCs and bioscaffolds in restoring bone structure and function.
Conclusions:
- Understanding MSC aging is crucial for developing effective bone regeneration therapies.
- Bone tissue engineering offers viable solutions for age-related bone defects.
- Further research into MSC rejuvenation and prevention of aging is needed for enhanced bone repair.
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