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Cell lines derived from avian lymphomas exhibit two distinct phenotypes.

T W Baba, B P Giroir, E H Humphries

    Virology
    |July 15, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Avian leukosis virus (ALV) induced lymphomas reveal c-myc activation in distinct B-cell differentiation stages. Tumorigenic cell lines show varied IgM secretion and phenotypes, implicating c-myc in pathogenesis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Virology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is known to induce lymphomas in birds.
    • The c-myc proto-oncogene plays a critical role in cell growth and differentiation.
    • Understanding oncogene activation in virus-induced tumors is crucial for cancer research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of c-myc activation in ALV-induced lymphomas.
    • To characterize the phenotype and differentiation status of lymphoid cell lines derived from these tumors.
    • To explore the relationship between c-myc expression and B-cell differentiation in avian tumors.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of lymphoid cell lines from ALV-induced lymphomas.
    • Analysis of proviral DNA integration and c-myc RNA expression.
    • Assessment of tumorigenicity in syngeneic animals.
    • Flow cytometry and light microscopy for cell surface immunoglobulin (IgM) and morphological profiling.

    Main Results:

    • Cell lines contained proviral DNA upstream of c-myc and showed increased c-myc RNA levels.
    • All cell lines were tumorigenic; one secreted IgM, while two did not.
    • Distinct morphological and light-scattering profiles indicated two phenotypes: lymphoblastoid (non-secreting) and plasmacytoid (secreting).

    Conclusions:

    • c-myc activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of ALV-induced lymphomas.
    • The study identified distinct stages of B-cell differentiation (lymphoblastoid and plasmacytoid) within tumors from a single species.
    • These findings highlight the role of c-myc in driving tumor development at different differentiation levels.

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