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A molecular survey of hemoplasmas in domestic dogs from Turkey

Munir Aktas1, Sezayi Ozubek1

  • 1Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.

Veterinary Microbiology
|July 9, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Canine hemoplasma infections, including Mycoplasma haemocanis and Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum, are prevalent in stray and shelter dogs. Adult dogs and those with ticks show higher infection rates, suggesting environmental and tick-borne pathogen associations.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Canine Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Mycoplasma haemocanis (Mhc) and Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum (CMhp) are common hemotropic bacteria infecting dogs.
  • These cell-wall-deficient pathogens attach to the surface of erythrocytes, potentially causing anemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of Mhc and CMhp infections in domestic dogs.
  • To identify risk factors associated with canine hemoplasma infections.
  • To investigate co-infections with other tick-borne pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Archived DNA samples from 621 domestic dogs (strays, shelter, pets) were analyzed.
  • Species-specific PCR assays were employed to detect Mhc and CMhp.
  • Statistical analysis was used to assess infection rates and associations with risk factors and co-infections.

Main Results:

  • Overall hemoplasma prevalence was 15.3%, with single infections of Mhc at 4.5% and CMhp at 4.3%.
  • Dual Mhc and CMhp infections occurred in 6.4% of dogs.
  • Higher prevalence was observed in adult dogs, shelter dogs, and stray dogs compared to pets.
  • Significant associations were found between hemoplasma infection, Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, and other tick-borne pathogens (Babesia, Hepatozoon, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia).

Conclusions:

  • Canine hemoplasma infections are common, particularly in vulnerable dog populations.
  • Dog age, living environment (shelter/stray vs. pet), and tick presence are significant risk factors.
  • Co-infection with other tick-borne pathogens is common and warrants further investigation.
Keywords:
Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvumDogMycoplasma haemocanis

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