Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Amperometry: Overview01:10

Amperometry: Overview

1.8K
Amperometry is a technique commonly used to measure the concentration of specific analytes in a solution by monitoring the electric current generated during an electrochemical reaction. It involves applying a constant potential between a working electrode and a reference electrode to measure the resulting current, which is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The Clark oxygen electrode operates based on this principle of amperometry. It consists of a cathode and an anode enclosed...
1.8K
What is an Electrochemical Gradient?01:26

What is an Electrochemical Gradient?

128.1K
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is considered the primary energy source in cells. However, energy can also be stored in the electrochemical gradient of an ion across the plasma membrane, which is determined by two factors: its chemical and electrical gradients.
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...
128.1K
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

896
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
896
Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview01:21

Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview

4.7K
An electrochemical gradient is a fundamental concept in biology and chemistry. It regulates the movement of ions across cell membranes. This movement is influenced by two factors:
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell.  This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to...
4.7K
Secondary Active Transport01:55

Secondary Active Transport

138.1K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
138.1K
Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

199.4K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
199.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

N-Phenyl indole derivatives as AT1 antagonists with anti-hypertension activities: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation.

European journal of medicinal chemistry·2016
Same author

Cefradine blocks solar-ultraviolet induced skin inflammation through direct inhibition of T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase.

Oncotarget·2016
Same author

Design, synthesis, cytotoxic activity and molecular docking studies of new 20(S)-sulfonylamidine camptothecin derivatives.

European journal of medicinal chemistry·2016
Same author

Label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on enhanced signal amplification between Au@Pd and CoFe2O4/graphene nanohybrid.

Scientific reports·2016
Same author

Recent Progress in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Embryonic and Neonatal Mouse Brain.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy·2016
Same author

Underuse of Primary Care in China: The Scale, Causes, and Solutions.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing
08:19

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing

Published on: June 1, 2012

15.0K

Sequentially multiplexed amperometry for electrochemical biosensors.

Dan Wu1, Diego Rios-Aguirre2, Mark Chounlakone3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|July 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a sequential architecture for multiplexed electrochemical biosensors using commercial single-chip potentiostats. This method enhances sensitivity and enables high-throughput, low-cost assays for applications like ELISA.

Keywords:
Electrochemical biosensorsMultiplexed amperometrySequential multiplexingSingle-chip potentiostat

More Related Videos

Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen
17:16

Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen

Published on: June 3, 2018

14.4K
Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules
13:15

Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules

Published on: June 1, 2011

34.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing
08:19

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing

Published on: June 1, 2012

15.0K
Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen
17:16

Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen

Published on: June 3, 2018

14.4K
Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules
13:15

Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules

Published on: June 1, 2011

34.6K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biosensor Technology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Multiplexed electrochemical biosensors offer high-throughput, low-cost assays.
  • Commercial single-chip potentiostats are challenging for parallel multiplexing due to limited resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a methodology for incorporating multiplexing into commercial single-chip potentiostats.
  • To enhance sensitivity and enable parallel measurements in electrochemical biosensing.

Main Methods:

  • A sequential architecture using single-pole single-throw switches to alternate measurements across sensors.
  • Analytical and finite element modeling to investigate sensor behavior.
  • Demonstration of 16-fold multiplexed amperometry and application to bead-based electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

Main Results:

  • The sequential architecture allows multiplexing with commercial potentiostats.
  • Improved sensitivity achieved by leveraging sensor dynamics when disconnected.
  • Successful implementation and validation of 16-fold multiplexed amperometry and ELISA for human interleukin-6.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed sequential multiplexing methodology is effective for low-cost, high-throughput electrochemical biosensing.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of commercial single-chip potentiostats for multiplexed applications.
  • Enables sensitive and parallel detection in complex biological assays.