Valvular involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Case report and systematic review of literature
Ahmed Al-Habbaa1, Prashanth Rawla2, Mostafa Ebraheem Morra3
1Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Background:
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic inflammatory condition; however, patients with GPA rarely experience endocardial valve lesions.
Methods:
We report a GPA case with tricuspid valve destruction together with a systematic review to highlight the characteristics of all previously reported GPA cases with valvular involvement.
Results:
Among 36 cases included, the aortic valve was involved in 15 (41.7%) cases while the mitral valve was involved in 9 (25%) subjects. Combined lesion of both aortic and mitral valves was reported in 9 (25%) patients.
Conclusion:
We recommend routine echocardiography examination to rule out any cardiac valve lesion once GPA is suspected.
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