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A Fatal Case of Non-Uremic Calciphylaxis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abubaker O Abdalla1, Jaafar Al-Khafaji1, Mohamed Taha2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|July 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Calciphylaxis, or calcific uremic arteriolopathy, is a rare condition often seen in dialysis patients. This case highlights its occurrence in earlier kidney disease stages, emphasizing prompt diagnosis for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Calciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA), is a rare and severe cutaneous disease.
  • It predominantly affects patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing long-term hemodialysis.

Observation:

  • A case report of a 61-year-old female patient with worsening CKD not yet on dialysis is presented.
  • The patient exhibited severe, progressive calciphylaxis affecting both lower limbs.

Findings:

  • Calcific uremic arteriolopathy is a rare, fatal condition necessitating prompt diagnosis and treatment.
  • While classically associated with end-stage kidney disease and renal replacement therapy, CUA can manifest in earlier stages of kidney disease.

Implications:

  • Non-uremic calciphylaxis should be considered in patients with earlier CKD stages, particularly those with co-morbidities.
  • Early suspicion and diagnosis are crucial to mitigate the high morbidity and mortality risks associated with calciphylaxis.

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