Vocal Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors between Male and Female University Teachers

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Laryngology
• Higher Education

Background:

• Voice problems significantly impact teacher work performance.
• University teachers are underrepresented in voice problem research.
• Vocal health is crucial for effective teaching and professional longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare vocal symptoms and associated risk factors between male and female university teachers.
• To investigate the prevalence of voice disorders in higher education faculty.
• To identify specific risk factors contributing to vocal complaints in university settings.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional survey design was employed.
• A voice self-evaluation form, validated by the Ministry of Labor in Brazil, was utilized.
• Data were collected from 846 university teachers at a private institution in São Paulo.

Main Results:

• Female teachers reported significantly higher rates of hoarseness, vocal tract discomfort, neck pain, and foreign body sensation.
• Male teachers were more likely to engage in non-teaching professional activities and perceive their work environment as less stressful.
• Female teachers spent more time teaching, reported being more "chatty," and experienced higher stress levels.

Conclusions:

• Female university teachers exhibit a higher prevalence of vocal symptoms compared to their male counterparts.
• Work organization, workplace environment stress, voice care practices, and quality of life variables are linked to increased vocal complaints in female faculty.
• Further research and targeted interventions are needed to address the vocal health disparities among university teachers.