The effect of hypertension on cardiac structure and function in different types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A

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Tingzhi Deng1,2, Baiqing Ou2, Tiangang Zhu3

  • 1a Department of Cardiology , Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993)
|July 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension impacts cardiac structure differently in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) types. It reduces left ventricular capacity in obstructive HCM but increases it in apical HCM, with no effect on septal HCM.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary cardiac condition affecting heart muscle structure.
  • Hypertension (HTN) is a common comorbidity with potential to influence cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Understanding HTN's impact on different HCM subtypes is crucial for tailored patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hypertension on cardiac structure and function in patients with obstructive, septal, and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • To compare echocardiographic parameters between hypertensive and non-hypertensive subgroups within each HCM type.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of echocardiographic data from patients with obstructive HCM (n=40), septal HCM (n=88), and apical HCM (n=42).
  • Patients were categorized into hypertensive and non-hypertensive subgroups.
  • Comparison of baseline and follow-up echocardiographic parameters, including left ventricular volumes, diameters, and aortic velocity/pressure gradients.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive obstructive HCM patients showed reduced end-diastolic volume and diameter.
  • Non-hypertensive obstructive HCM patients exhibited decreased aortic velocity and pressure gradient.
  • Hypertensive apical HCM patients demonstrated increased end-diastolic volume and diameter.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension significantly alters left ventricular capacity in obstructive and apical HCM, decreasing it in obstructive and increasing it in apical forms.
  • Hypertension does not appear to affect left ventricular cavity size in septal HCM.
  • In obstructive HCM, hypertension may negatively impact therapeutic effects on aortic flow rate and pressure gradient.
Abstract

Keywords:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathycardiac structureechocardiographyhypertensionleft ventricular

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