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A relation is a function if each input x is associated with exactly one output y. For example, the equation      y = 2x + 5 defines a function because every value of x yields a unique y. However, x = y² + 1 is not a function of x, since a single x-value, such as x = 2, corresponds to two possible y-values: y = 1 and y = -1.The vertical line test helps determine whether a graph represents a function. If a vertical line intersects a curve more than once, the curve fails...
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A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports
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A New Approach to Defining Disease.

Mary Jean Walker1, Wendy A Rogers2

  • 1Monash University, Clayton, Australia.

The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
|July 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Recent critiques question classical definitions of disease. This study argues disease concepts are best understood as clusters, not classical structures, supporting plural definitions.

Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Medicine
  • Conceptual Analysis
  • Philosophy of Science

Background:

  • The definition of disease is a long-standing debate.
  • Critiques challenge the classical structure assumption in conceptual analysis of disease.
  • Plural stipulative definitions are proposed as an alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine critiques of disease definition debates.
  • To argue against the classical structure of the disease concept.
  • To propose an alternative, cluster-based model for defining disease.

Main Methods:

  • Inductive reasoning to analyze the concept of disease.
  • Examination of existing critiques on disease conceptualization.
  • Argument for a cluster structure over a classical structure.

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Main Results:

  • The concept of disease is not classically structured.
  • A cluster structure best explains the nature of the disease concept.
  • General definition of disease remains possible despite critiques.

Conclusions:

  • Disease concepts are best represented as clusters.
  • Cluster definitions are compatible with context-specific stipulative definitions.
  • Rejection of classical definitions does not preclude a general understanding of disease.