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Plasmablastic lymphoma in Malawi.

Takondwa Zuze1, Matthew S Painschab1,2, Ryan Seguin1,2

  • 1UNC Project-Malawi, Private Bag, A-104 Lilongwe, Malawi.

Infectious Agents and Cancer
|July 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is found in Malawi, affecting both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. Successful treatment with curative intent is possible, even in resource-limited sub-Saharan Africa settings.

Keywords:
EBVEPOCHHIVPlasmablastic lymphomaSub-Saharan Africa

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • PBL is strongly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) coinfection.
  • Clinical data on PBL in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a region with high HIV and EBV prevalence, are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of PBL patients in Malawi, a sub-Saharan African nation.
  • To assess the impact of HIV status on PBL outcomes in this endemic region.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective identification of 12 patients with pathologically confirmed PBL in Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, HIV status, treatment regimens (CHOP or modified EPOCH), and survival.
  • Survival analysis was performed, comparing outcomes based on HIV status.

Main Results:

  • The median age of patients was 46 years, with 58% being male and 50% HIV-positive.
  • Eight patients received CHOP chemotherapy, and four received a modified EPOCH regimen.
  • The one-year overall survival rate was 56%, with no significant difference observed between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmablastic lymphoma occurs in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in Malawi.
  • PBL can be treated successfully with curative intent using standard chemotherapy regimens, even in low-resource SSA settings.
  • These findings highlight the need for increased awareness and accessible treatment for PBL in HIV-endemic regions of Africa.