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Methods for Evaluating the Role of c-Fos and Dusp1 in Oncogene Dependence
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Published on: January 7, 2019

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Oncogene addicted non-small-cell lung cancer: current standard and hot topics

Silvia Vecchiarelli1, Chiara Bennati1

  • 1Onco-Hematology Department, S Maria delle Croci Hospital, viale Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.

Future Oncology (London, England)
|July 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of death. Targeted therapies for EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 in non-small cell lung cancer are effective but lead to acquired resistance, necessitating new treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related mortality globally.
  • Specific genetic alterations like EGFR mutations and ALK/ROS1 rearrangements drive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth.
  • Small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting these drivers have transformed NSCLC treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of targeted therapies for oncogene-driven NSCLC.
  • To highlight the challenge of acquired resistance to TKIs in NSCLC.
  • To discuss the ongoing investigation of novel therapeutic approaches for resistant NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on targeted therapies for NSCLC.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying acquired resistance to EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 inhibitors.
  • Examination of emerging treatment strategies and investigational drugs.

Main Results:

  • Targeted TKIs have significantly improved outcomes for patients with specific genetic alterations in NSCLC.
  • Acquired resistance to TKIs is an inevitable challenge, limiting long-term efficacy.
  • Various resistance mechanisms have been identified, including secondary mutations and pathway reactivation.
  • New generations of TKIs and combination therapies are showing promise in overcoming resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapy has revolutionized NSCLC treatment, but acquired resistance remains a critical clinical problem.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing next-generation therapies.
  • Ongoing research into novel treatments offers hope for patients with advanced, resistant NSCLC.
Keywords:
ALK and ROS1 rearrangementsEGFR mutationbrain metastasesmechanisms of resistancenon-small-cell lung cancernovel-generation inhibitorssequencing of therapy

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