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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay
Published on: November 10, 2013
Cytotoxicity, dual-targeting apoptosis induction evaluation of multinuclear cu complexes based on
Jiyong Hu1, Shufang Chen1, Ruina Mao2
1College of material and chemical engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, PR China.
Abstract:
To investigate the cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of multinuclear Cu complexes against tumor cell lines, two complexes, Cu6(bpbib)4Br8 (1) and Cu2(bpbib)2(BF4)2Cl2 (2) (bpbib = 1,4-bis((2-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene) were synthesized and characterized. Both Cu complexes showed high selectivity toward cancer and not normal cells, and the SMMC7721 cell line showed most sensitivity toward both complexes. Complex 1 exhibited more potent cytotoxicity and enhanced cellular uptake, and therefore, was comprehensively investigated. Complex 1 exhibited dual effects in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation of SMMC7721 cells, causing nuclear DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction involving simultaneous reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and Ca2+ increase. DNA binding studies suggest that intercalation might be the most probable binding mode. Fluorescence spectrometry also detected a medium affinity of complex 1 to bovine serum albumin (BSA) at distinct temperatures and resulted in BSA fluorescence static quenching.
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