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Related Experiment Videos

Neuroepigenetics and Alzheimer's Disease: An Update.

Morena Zusso1, Massimo Barbierato1, Laura Facci1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Meneghetti, Padua, Italy.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|July 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetics, the study of gene expression changes, influences diseases like Alzheimer's. Epigenetic modifications, including microRNAs, are key factors in Alzheimer's disease development and potential therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience and Neurology

Background:

  • Epigenetics involves changes in gene expression independent of DNA sequence alterations.
  • Epigenetic modifications, influenced by age, environment, and disease, can lead to conditions like cancer.
  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves both genetic and non-genetic factors, with non-genetic factors likely driving late-onset AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To investigate microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD.
  • To examine the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AD risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on epigenetics and Alzheimer's disease.
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseDNA methylationSUMOylationamyloidepigeneticshistoneneuroinflammationphosphorylationtauubiquitylation

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ncRNAs in AD.
  • Focus on the regulatory functions of miRNAs in neuronal processes and their alterations in AD.

    • Main Results:

    • AD is associated with dysregulation of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ncRNAs.
    • MicroRNAs play a crucial role in neuron differentiation, synaptogenesis, and cognitive functions, with their impairment linked to AD etiology.
    • Alterations in miRNA networks affect key AD processes, including amyloid peptide and tau regulation, lipid metabolism, and neuroinflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Epigenetic dysregulation, especially involving ncRNAs like miRNAs, is implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
    • MicroRNAs show promise as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD.
    • Altered lncRNA transcription may also contribute to an elevated risk of developing AD.