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Continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea does not improve asthma control
Susanna S S Ng1, Tat-On Chan1, Kin-Wang To1
1Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Princes of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
|July 12, 2018
Summary
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy did not improve asthma control in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). However, CPAP treatment did significantly reduce daytime sleepiness and enhance quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Health
Background:
- Unrecognized obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) can negatively impact asthma control, even with optimal medical therapy.
- Nocturnal asthma symptoms in patients on standard treatments may indicate an underlying OSAS.
- Assessing OSAS is crucial for comprehensive management of difficult-to-control asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on asthma control in patients with nocturnal symptoms and OSAS.
- To assess changes in airway responsiveness, daytime sleepiness, and health status following CPAP treatment.
- To determine if CPAP therapy improves asthma-related outcomes in patients with coexisting OSAS.
Main Methods:
- Patients with nocturnal asthma symptoms and OSAS underwent polysomnography or home sleep studies.
- Eligible patients with an apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥10/h were randomized to CPAP or conservative management for 3 months.
- Asthma control, sleepiness, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and after the 3-month intervention period.
Main Results:
- A significant prevalence of OSAS (33.6%) was observed in asthma patients with snoring.
- CPAP treatment did not lead to significant improvements in asthma control as measured by the Asthma Control Test.
- CPAP therapy resulted in significant improvements in daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and quality of life (Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, SF-36 vitality domain).
Conclusions:
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is effective in improving daytime sleepiness and quality of life in asthma patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS).
- CPAP treatment did not demonstrate a significant benefit for asthma control in this patient population.
- The findings highlight the importance of screening for OSAS in patients with poorly controlled asthma and nocturnal symptoms.
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