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A systematic review of parent-infant interaction in infants at risk of autism

Ming Wai Wan1, Jonathan Green1, Jordan Scott1

  • 1Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice
|July 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Early social interactions in infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show differences, particularly in gesture use, by the end of the first year. These patterns may influence later social-communicative development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Social-communicative precursors to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can shape early parent-infant interactions.
  • Understanding these early interactions is crucial for identifying developmental trajectories in at-risk infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a developmental timeline of parent-infant interaction in the first two years for infants at familial risk of ASD.
  • To investigate the association between parent-infant interaction patterns and later social-communicative outcomes in at-risk infants.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 15 studies involving infants with a familial risk for ASD (older sibling with ASD).
  • Analysis focused on parent-infant interaction from birth to 2 years, examining infant gesture use and dyadic qualities.

Main Results:

  • Infants at risk for ASD, especially those later diagnosed, exhibited distinct parent-infant interaction differences from the latter half of the first year.
  • Key differences were observed in infant gesture use and dyadic interaction qualities.
  • Parental interaction styles did not significantly differ based on the child's later ASD outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Parent-infant interaction dynamics diverge early in infants at risk for ASD, potentially influencing social development.
  • At-risk infants may elicit compensatory social-communicative input from parents, the impact of which requires further investigation.
  • Preliminary findings suggest a link between specific parent-infant interaction elements and later language development, highlighting potential for early intervention.

Keywords:
autistic spectrum disordersdevelopmental outcomeshigh risk studiesparent–child interactionparent–child relations

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