Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 8, 2026

06:19
An Inexpensive Adaptation of a Commercial Microwave Reactor for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
Published on: November 22, 2024
836
Solid-phase synthesis of peptides containing aminoadipic semialdehyde moiety and their cyclisations
Monika Kijewska1, Mateusz Waliczek2, Marta Cal2
1Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland. monika.kijewska@chem.uni.wroc.pl.
Scientific Reports
|July 12, 2018
Summary
Researchers developed a new method for synthesizing carbonylated peptides using Fmoc-Aea-OH. This approach aids in studying oxidative stress (OS) by creating modified peptides, overcoming challenges with low oxidation product concentrations.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Peptide Synthesis
Background:
- Pathological oxidative stress (OS) is linked to numerous diseases.
- Studying OS is difficult due to low concentrations of oxidation products.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel reagent for solid-phase synthesis of carbonylated peptides.
- To investigate the utility of Fmoc-Aea-OH in peptide modification.
Main Methods:
- Solid-phase synthesis of peptides using Fmoc-Aea-OH.
- Analysis of modified peptides using LC-MS, ESI-MS, MS/MS, and NMR spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- Successful synthesis of peptides with modified N-terminal amino groups.
- Identification of side products including tetrahydropyridine carboxylic acid residues.
- NMR confirmed the structure of the dominant acetylated product.
Conclusions:
- Fmoc-Aea-OH enables solid-state synthesis of peptides with unnatural amino acids.
- The study identified and characterized key side reactions in the synthesis.
- This work offers new strategies for peptide-based oxidative stress research.
Related Concept Videos
Phase Diagrams
50.3K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
50.3K
Metallic Solids
20.8K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.8K
Structures of Solids
17.9K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
17.9K
Peptide Bonds
83.3K
A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
83.3K
Phase Transitions
23.2K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.2K
Network Covalent Solids
16.2K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.2K

![Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F58508.jpg&w=3840&q=50)