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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Sleep-Dependent Directional Coupling of Cardiorespiratory System in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

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    Cardiorespiratory coupling direction shifts with sleep stages and worsens with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. This reveals insights into autonomic nervous system modulation during different physiological states.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiorespiratory interactions
    • Physiological systems analysis
    • Sleep medicine

    Background:

    • Cardiorespiratory interactions are complex and vary across physiological states.
    • Quantifying directional coupling in the cardiorespiratory system remains challenging.
    • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) introduces unique physiological conditions affecting cardiorespiratory dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate directional cardiorespiratory coupling during different sleep stages.
    • To analyze how obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity influences cardiorespiratory interactions.
    • To explore the link between coupling characteristics and autonomic nervous modulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the evolution map approach for directionality analysis.
    • Employed electrocardiogram (ECG) for heartbeats and polysomnography for respiratory effort.
    • Analyzed data from healthy individuals and patients with varying OSA severity.

    Main Results:

    • Unidirectional respiratory-to-cardiac coupling increased during wakefulness and REM sleep.
    • Coupling decreased significantly in light and deep sleep, approaching bidirectional coupling.
    • Respiratory-to-cardiac coupling intensified with increasing OSA severity.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiorespiratory coupling patterns differ significantly across sleep stages and OSA severity.
    • Observed changes suggest a role for autonomic nervous system modulation.
    • Findings offer insights into integrated system cooperation and disease risk.