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    This study reveals new sensory and affective dimensions of material exploration, including Dominance. Tactile experiences are linked to emotions like Valence and Arousal, broadening our understanding of touch perception.

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    Area of Science:

    • Haptics and Material Science
    • Psychology of Perception
    • Affective Science

    Background:

    • Previous research on tactile perception focused primarily on surface characteristics.
    • The affective dimensions of touch, such as Valence and Arousal, are well-documented.
    • The affective dimension of Dominance in tactile perception has been less explored.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize the sensory and affective dimensions of manually explored materials.
    • To investigate systematic associations between sensory and affective dimensions of touch.
    • To explore the influence of outdoor childhood experience on tactile-affective responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants manually explored 47 diverse materials (solid, fluid, granular).
    • Sensory and affective attributes were rated, followed by principal component analyses (PCA).
    • Two experiments compared single-sample exploration with group differences based on childhood outdoor experience.

    Main Results:

    • Six sensory dimensions (Fluidity, Roughness, Deformability, Fibrousness, Heaviness, Granularity) and three affective dimensions (Valence, Arousal, Dominance) were extracted, explaining over 87% of variance.
    • Greater Arousal correlated with Fluidity; Dominance with Heaviness and decreased Deformability; Granularity with positive Valence.
    • Outdoor experience showed minimal impact, but distinct group associations emerged: more outdoor experience linked fluid materials to unpleasant feelings, less experience linked rough materials to unpleasantness.

    Conclusions:

    • The range of affective responses to tactile stimuli is broader than previously assumed.
    • Systematic associations exist between specific sensory and affective dimensions of touch.
    • Novel sensory dimensions and the affective dimension of Dominance expand the understanding of haptic perception.