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Updated: Feb 7, 2026
Intramuscular Injections Along the Motor End Plates: A Minimally Invasive Approach to Shuttle Tracers Directly into Motor Neurons
Published on: July 13, 2015
Intramuscular injection CLIMAT pathway: a clinical practice guideline
Megan A Infanti Mraz1, Christine Thomas1, Lois Rajcan2
1Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, West Chester University of Pennsylvania, USA.
Abstract:
The intramuscular (IM) injection has been part of nursing practice since the 1960s. Over the past 60 years, the practice of aspiration during IM injection has been controversial and understudied. In 2016, a study by Thomas et al identified that blood aspiration does occur during injection. This article introduces a clinical practice guideline for safe and effective aspiration during IM injection, as a follow-up to the findings of that study. The proposed guideline acknowledges the correct practice of aspiration and identifies considerations that may make aspiration unnecessary. These practices and considerations are presented to the reader using a visual clinical pathway and a narrative clinical practice guideline.
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