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Gangliosides in early interactions between vesicular stomatitis virus and CER cells
Abstract:
In the present report an attempt was made to elucidate the role of gangliosides in early interactions between vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and CER cells. Research was carried out to test the ability of gangliosides from mammal brains and from CER cells to inhibit viral attachment to susceptible cells. The incubation of VSV in the presence of gangliosides decreased the subsequent infection of CER cells by the virus. When similar experiments were performed with gangliosides inserted in liposomes the inhibition of infection was enhanced. Since carbohydrate moieties could participate to rhabdovirus binding as a part of a glycolipid receptor, CER cells were subjected to the action of glycosidases and these produced a fall in the viral attachment. Deglycosilated CER cells reacquired their susceptibility to virus infection after coating with gangliosides immediately after enzyme treatment. Results obtained show the participation of gangliosides in the receptorial structure for vesiculovirus of susceptible CER cells.
Insights
Gangliosides play a crucial role in how vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infects cells. These molecules on cell surfaces act as receptors, mediating viral attachment and subsequent infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Early interactions between viruses and host cells are critical for infection.
- Gangliosides, complex glycosphingolipids, are present on cell membranes and implicated in various cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of gangliosides in the initial attachment of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) to cultured embryonic retina (CER) cells.
- To determine if gangliosides can inhibit VSV infection and if their presentation in liposomes affects this inhibition.
Main Methods:
- Incubation of VSV with purified gangliosides from mammal brains and CER cells.
- Experiments using gangliosides incorporated into liposomes.
- Treatment of CER cells with glycosidases to remove carbohydrate moieties.
- Re-incubation of deglycosylated cells with gangliosides.
Main Results:
- Incubation of VSV with gangliosides significantly reduced subsequent CER cell infection.
- Gangliosides within liposomes showed enhanced inhibition of VSV infection.
- Glycosidase treatment of CER cells decreased viral attachment, indicating the role of carbohydrate structures.
- Deglycosylated CER cells regained susceptibility to VSV infection upon immediate ganglioside treatment.
Conclusions:
- Gangliosides are integral components of the receptor structure for vesiculoviruses on susceptible CER cells.
- The carbohydrate portions of gangliosides are involved in the binding of rhabdoviruses.
- Gangliosides are key mediators of early VSV-cell interactions.