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Determinants of the aortic pulse wave velocity index in hypertensive and diabetic patients: predictive and

Alexandre Vallée1,2,3, Alexandra Yannoutsos4, Mohamed Temmar5

  • 1Paris-Descartes University.

Journal of Hypertension
|July 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) index, a measure of aortic stiffness, is elevated in hypertensive and diabetic patients. This index integrates multiple cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting its utility in risk assessment and management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular research
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Clinical diagnostics

Background:

  • Aortic stiffness, assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a key indicator of cardiovascular risk.
  • PWV can be measured directly or calculated theoretically based on patient demographics and vitals.
  • The PWV index quantifies the difference between measured and theoretical PWV, offering a personalized cardiovascular risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological and hemodynamic determinants of the aortic PWV index.
  • To analyze the PWV index in hypertensive and diabetic patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 514 patients with varying blood pressure and diabetes status.
  • Measurement of biological and hemodynamic parameters, including applanation tonometry.
  • Multivariate regression analyses to identify determinants of the PWV index.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive and/or diabetic individuals showed a higher PWV index, correlated with proteinuria and prior cardiovascular events.
  • Hypertensive diabetic patients exhibited a significantly higher PWV index compared to other groups.
  • Insulin therapy and Type 1 diabetes positively modulated the PWV index in hypertensive diabetics.
  • HDL cholesterol and absence of carotid plaques negatively modulated the PWV index in hypertensive non-diabetics.
  • C-reactive protein levels were associated with increased PWV index across hypertensive and diabetic populations.

Conclusions:

  • The PWV index is a valuable cardiovascular risk integrator, correlating with multiple risk factors beyond age and hypertension.
  • The PWV index shows potential for improving cardiovascular risk assessment and guiding reduction strategies.
Abstract

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