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Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Solubility of Ionic Compounds

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Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

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Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

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Ionic Liquid-Based Electrolyte Membranes for Medium-High Temperature Lithium Polymer Batteries.

Guk-Tae Kim1,2, Stefano Passerini3,4, Maria Carewska5

  • 1Helmholtz Institute Ulm-Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. guk-tae.kim@kit.edu.

Membranes
|July 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel polymer electrolyte for solid-state lithium batteries. The enhanced electrolyte demonstrates superior performance and stability at higher temperatures, preventing lithium dendrite formation.

Keywords:
N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imideionic liquidslithium polymer batteriespoly(ethyleneoxide)polymer electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • All-solid-state lithium polymer batteries require advanced electrolytes for high-temperature operation.
  • Polyethylene oxide-based electrolytes often face limitations in thermal stability and ion transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the performance of polyethylene oxide-based electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium polymer batteries.
  • To investigate the impact of incorporating an ionic liquid on electrolyte properties and battery performance at medium-high temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polyethylene oxide-based membranes incorporating N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.
  • Characterization of thermal, ion-transport, and interfacial properties.
  • Electrochemical stability testing.
  • All-solid-state battery cycling tests at 80 °C.

Main Results:

  • The ionic liquid significantly improved thermal stability, ion transport, and interfacial properties.
  • The electrolyte exhibited wide electrochemical stability at medium-high temperatures.
  • High current rates were achieved without significant lithium anode degradation.
  • Excellent cycling performance and capacity retention were observed at 80 °C, even at high rates.
  • No dendrite growth was observed on the lithium metal anode.

Conclusions:

  • The developed polymer electrolyte offers a promising solution for high-performance all-solid-state lithium polymer batteries operating at elevated temperatures.
  • The incorporation of the specific ionic liquid is crucial for overcoming limitations of traditional polymer electrolytes.
  • This advancement enables high-rate battery operation with enhanced safety due to the suppression of dendrite formation.