Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Evanescent Field Based Photoacoustics: Optical Property Evaluation at Surfaces
Published on: July 26, 2016
The Computation of Complex Dispersion and Properties of Evanescent Lamb Wave in Functionally Graded
Xiaoming Zhang1, Zhi Li2, Jiangong Yu3
1School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China. zxmworld11@hpu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
Functionally graded piezoelectric-piezomagnetic material (FGPPM), with a gradual variation of the material properties in the desired direction(s), can improve the conversion of energy among mechanical, electric, and magnetic fields. Full dispersion relations and wave mode shapes are vital to understanding dynamic behaviors of structures made of FGPPM. In this paper, an analytic method based on polynomial expansions is proposed to investigate the complex-valued dispersion and the evanescent Lamb wave in FGPPM plates. Comparisons with other related studies are conducted to validate the correctness of the presented method. Characteristics of the guided wave, including propagating modes and evanescent modes, in various FGPPM plates are studied, and three-dimensional full dispersion and attenuation curves are plotted to gain a deeper insight into the nature of the evanescent wave. The influences of the gradient variation on the dispersion and the magneto-electromechanical coupling factor are illustrated. The displacement amplitude and electric potential and magnetic potential distributions are also discussed in detail. The obtained numerical results could be useful to design and optimize different sensors and transducers made of smart piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials with high performance by adjusting the gradient property.
Related Concept Videos
Graphing the Wave Function
Properties of Continuous Functions
Distribution and Dispersion
Graded Potential
Graded potentials fall into two categories: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing. Depolarizing graded potentials typically occur when sodium (Na+) or...
The Wave Nature of Light
Types of Aggregate Grading
Well-graded aggregates include a complete range of necessary size fractions that fit together to create a dense matrix with minimal voids, represented by a smooth, continuous gradation curve. This type of grading ensures good...

