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In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
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Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
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Salts with Acidic Ions
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Dodecagonal plasmonic quasicrystals for phage-based biosensing.

M Rippa1, R Castagna1, J Zhou1,2

  • 1Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems 'E. Caianiello' of CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy.

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|July 13, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel two-dimensional surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate for detecting bacteriophages at femtomolar concentrations. This new plasmonic quasicrystal substrate demonstrates successful functionalization and immobilization of phages, paving the way for bacterial detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Spectroscopy
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers high sensitivity for molecular detection.
  • Plasmonic nanocavities and photonic quasicrystals are advanced structures for enhancing optical signals.
  • Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and have potential applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize a novel 2D SERS substrate using plasmonic nanocavities in a photonic quasicrystal arrangement.
  • To investigate the functionalization of this substrate with bacteriophages for sensitive detection.
  • To establish a method for immobilizing bacteriophages and verifying their presence using SERS.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 2D SERS substrate with 12-fold rotational symmetry.
  • Functionalization of the substrate with bacteriophages from the Podoviridae family.
  • Characterization of phage immobilization using SERS measurements.

Main Results:

  • The SERS substrate achieved femtomolar detection limits for chemisorbed bacteriophages.
  • A new stable peak at 1326 cm⁻¹ in SERS spectra confirmed successful phage immobilization with >60x amplification.
  • The study presents the first report on functionalizing plasmonic quasicrystals with bacteriophages.

Conclusions:

  • The developed plasmonic quasicrystal SERS substrate is highly sensitive for bacteriophage detection.
  • The functionalization procedure is effective for immobilizing phages and can be adapted for other phage types.
  • This work enables the development of novel sensors for specific bacterial species detection.