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Pritha Dolai1, Aditi Simha, Shradha Mishra

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This study explores how active and passive particles interact, revealing three distinct phases based on particle distribution. The findings map out phase behavior influenced by particle size and density.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Athermal self-propelled particles exhibit motility-induced phase separation (MIPS).
  • Binary mixtures of active and passive particles show complex behaviors influenced by size ratios and volume fractions.
  • Effective interactions between particles are crucial for understanding phase separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase behavior of binary mixtures of small active and big passive athermal particles.
  • To determine how particle size ratio and volume fraction influence the spatial distribution of passive particles.
  • To construct a phase diagram for these binary mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of binary mixtures of active and passive particles on a frictional substrate.
  • Analysis of particle interactions, including soft repulsive forces and effective attractions.
  • Characterization of passive particle clustering and cluster size distributions.

Main Results:

  • Identified three distinct phases based on the spatial distribution of passive particles.
  • Observed that effective interactions between active and passive particles can be attractive or repulsive.
  • Found specific cluster size distribution patterns for each phase: exponential in homogeneous, power law with cutoff in clustered, and power law near phase separation.

Conclusions:

  • The spatial distribution of passive particles is highly dependent on the size ratio and volume fractions of active and passive particles.
  • A comprehensive phase diagram was presented, illustrating the different phases and transitions.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to predicting the collective behavior of active-passive particle systems.