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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing
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[Processing FBG Sensing Signals with Exponent Modified Gaussian Curve Fitting Peak Detection Method].

Yong Chen, Xue Yang, Huan-lin Liu

    Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi = Guang Pu
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    A new Exponent Modified Gaussian (EMG) algorithm improves Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor accuracy by accurately detecting spectral peaks, even with asymmetric FBG reflection spectra.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Sensor Technology
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are widely used due to their accuracy and adaptability.
    • FBG sensors detect external parameters by measuring their center wavelength, which corresponds to the peak of the reflection spectrum.
    • Accurate peak detection is crucial for reliable FBG sensor demodulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address the limitations of existing peak detection algorithms for FBG sensors.
    • To develop a high-precision peak detection algorithm that accounts for asymmetric FBG reflection spectra.
    • To improve the accuracy and reliability of FBG sensor systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposed an Exponent Modified Gaussian (EMG) curve fitting algorithm for FBG peak detection.
    • Implemented a coarse localization step to eliminate false and invalid peaks.
    • Utilized spectral reconstruction and integral-based peak bias judgment, followed by exponential modification for accurate peak centering.
    • Simulated the algorithm under normal and variable temperature conditions.

    Main Results:

    • The EMG algorithm demonstrated significantly lower error compared to direct peak searching, Gaussian fitting, and other existing methods.
    • Achieved high peak detection precision under both normal and variable temperature conditions.
    • The algorithm effectively handles the asymmetric nature of FBG reflection spectra.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed EMG algorithm overcomes the limitations of traditional peak detection methods for FBG sensors.
    • It provides a robust solution for accurate peak searching, even with non-ideal spectral shapes.
    • The EMG algorithm enhances the overall precision and reliability of FBG sensing systems.