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Approach to tinnitus management.

Vincent Wu1, Bonnie Cooke2, Susan Eitutis2

  • 1Medical student in the Department of Otolaryngology at Queen's University in Kingston, Ont, at the time of writing.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tinnitus, the perception of sound without external stimuli, affects over 40% of Canadians. Family physicians can manage most cases with reassurance and conservative measures, especially when hearing loss is present.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Primary Care Medicine

Background:

  • Tinnitus affects over 40% of Canadians, impacting quality of life.
  • It is the perception of sound without an external stimulus, common in older adults.
  • Physicians must differentiate between pulsatile and non-pulsatile tinnitus, and unilateral vs. bilateral symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To offer family physicians an evidence-based management approach for tinnitus patients.
  • To guide practical management strategies for primary care settings.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of English-language tinnitus guidelines and reviews published between 1980 and 2016.
  • Inclusion of articles providing Level II and III evidence.

Main Results:

  • Pulsatile or unilateral tinnitus warrants referral to an otolaryngologist due to potential serious underlying conditions.
  • Most tinnitus cases can be managed conservatively with reassurance and hearing aids if hearing loss is significant.

Conclusions:

  • Family physicians are pivotal in managing tinnitus, addressing both physical and psychological aspects.
  • Conservative measures and reassurance are key to successful tinnitus management in primary care.