Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

1.6K
In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
1.6K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.2K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.2K
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

5.0K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
5.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.9K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.9K
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

33.1K
Overview
33.1K
Reactivity of Enols01:18

Reactivity of Enols

4.1K
Enols are a class of compounds where a hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon–carbon double bond, which implies that it is a vinyl alcohol. A carbonyl compound with an α hydrogen undergoes keto–enol tautomerism and remains in equilibrium with its tautomer, the enol form. Usually, the keto tautomer is present in a higher concentration than the enol tautomer due to the higher bond energy of C=O compared to C=C. Moreover, the direction of the keto–enol equilibrium is...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of living with HIV among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) people: a cross-sectional study.

The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific·2026
Same author

Association of socioecological factors with development and persistence of non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents: evidence from the Youth Mental Health Promotion study.

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Cervical Lymphadenopathy as Initial Presentation of Foamy Gland Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate: A Case Report.

OncoTargets and therapy·2026
Same author

Quality of life in patients with gallbladder polyps: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association·2025
Same author

Ultrabroadband-Emissive Lanthanide Chalcogenide for X-ray Scintillation.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

FXR shapes an immunosuppressive microenvironment in PD-L1lo/- non-small cell lung cancer by upregulating HVEM.

JCI insight·2025
Same journal

Correction: Yang et al. Microstructural Characteristics of High-Pressure Die Casting with High Strength-Ductility Synergy Properties: A Review. <i>Materials</i> 2023, <i>16</i>, 1954.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Effect of La and Ce Microalloying on the Corrosion Resistance of 0.4Sb Low-Alloy Steel in a Harsh Marine Atmospheric Environment.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

High-Temperature Properties of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Cement Modified with Gold Tailings.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

A Study on the Evolution of Intermetallic Phase Microstructure and High-Temperature Creep Behavior in Mg-8.0Al-1.0Nd-1.5Gd-Mn Alloys.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Material-Driven Clinical Complications in Mechanical Circulatory Support: From Blood-Material Interactions to Device-Related Adverse Events.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Influence of Final Irrigation on Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer Dentinal Tubular Penetration: A Systematic Review.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures
13:38

Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures

Published on: April 11, 2017

10.1K

Process for a Reactive Monomer Alignment Layer for Liquid Crystals Formed on an Azodye Sublayer.

Junren Wang1, Colin McGinty2, Robert Reich3

  • 1Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA. jwang45@kent.edu.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates surface polymerization for stabilizing liquid crystals (LC) on azodye layers. Optimized control over reactive monomer (RM) polymerization enables precise surface alignment, crucial for advanced LC optical devices.

Keywords:
azo dyeliquid crystalsphotoalignmentreactive monomers

More Related Videos

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

6.9K
Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites
12:21

Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites

Published on: February 6, 2016

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures
13:38

Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures

Published on: April 11, 2017

10.1K
High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

6.9K
Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites
12:21

Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites

Published on: February 6, 2016

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Liquid Crystal Displays

Background:

  • Surface polymerization is key for stabilizing liquid crystals (LC).
  • Azodye sublayers offer a platform for controlled LC alignment.
  • Existing methods require optimization for localized surface stabilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate surface polymerization for stabilizing liquid crystals on azodye sublayers.
  • To optimize process parameters for surface-localized stabilization of reactive monomers (RM).
  • To evaluate the impact of RM concentration, initiator type, and UV conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Free-radical polymerization of bi-functional reactive monomers (RM) in LC solvents.
  • Systematic variation of RM concentration, LC host, photo-initiator (PI) concentration, UV intensity, and curing temperature.
  • Characterization using optical microscopy, electro-optical measurements (T/V curves), life testing, and photo-bleaching.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful surface-localized stabilization of LC using RM polymerization.
  • Identified key parameters influencing polymerization localization (surface vs. bulk).
  • Achieved control over polymerization via careful material selection and process variable tuning.

Conclusions:

  • Surface localized stabilization combined with photo-alignment provides a dynamic method for LC alignment control.
  • This approach offers significant potential for enhancing performance in various liquid crystal optical devices.
  • Optimized polymerization conditions are critical for achieving desired surface stabilization effects.