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Prevalence and Genotypes of Parvovirus B19 Among HIV Positive Children in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

B O Aleru1, B A Olusola1, A O Faneye1

  • 1Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Archives of Basic and Applied Medicine
|July 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection is prevalent in HIV-positive children in sub-Saharan Africa, with genotype 1 detected. This B19V infection is significantly linked to severe anemia in these children.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a widespread infection, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • B19V can cause persistent anemia in immunocompromised individuals, notably complicating Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and genotypes of B19V in HIV-positive children.
  • To investigate the relationship between B19V infection and anemia severity in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected from HIV-positive children.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis were used to detect B19V DNA.
  • Positive PCR products were sequenced for genotype analysis and phylogenetic comparison with HIV-negative controls.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of B19V DNA was 1.3% (2 out of 158) among HIV-positive children.
  • A significant association was found between B19V infection and the severity of anemia (p=0.015).
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed all detected B19V isolates belonged to genotype 1.

Conclusions:

  • B19V infection has a low prevalence but is significantly associated with anemia in HIV-positive children.
  • Genotype 1 is the predominant circulating B19V genotype in this cohort.
  • Findings provide insight into B19V epidemiology and its impact on anemia in HIV-infected children.

Keywords:
AnaemiaGenotypeHIVParvovirus B19

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