Photoelectron holography and forward scattering in atomic ionization by elliptically polarized laser pulses

We report on the scaling of the photoelectron holography with the laser ellipticity in strong-field atomic ionization. We find that the spacing of the holographic fringe gradually decreases with increasing of the ellipticity. In terms of the strong-field approximation, the scaling of the fringe spacing with the laser ellipticity is explained by the effect of the initial transverse momenta at the tunnel exit. With increasing of the laser ellipticity, a ridge structure arising from forward scattering electrons is observed in the low-energy region of the electron momentum distribution. An analytic formula is obtained that demarcates the phase diagram for the observation of the holographic pattern and ridge structure in elliptically polarized laser fields.