Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

A Teleoperated Robotic System-Assisted Percutaneous Transiliac-Transsacral Screw Fixation Technique
Published on: January 6, 2023
Comparison between a novel human cortical bone screw and bioabsorbable interference screw for graft fixation of ACL
1Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. liuyujie301@163.com.
Objective:
To compare the mechanical behavior of a novel bioabsorbable cortical interference screw (BCIS) with bioabsorbable interference screw (BIS; Polylactate hydroxyapatite) used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in femoral and tibial fixation with doubled Achilles tendon graft in vitro.
Patients And Methods:
30 paired goat knee specimens were harvested from 15 male sheep aged 18 months. All soft tissues were stripped from the bones of 20 paired specimens, and the last 10 paired specimens were stripped all soft tissues besides ACL (femur-ACL-tibia complex). The Achilles tendon was harvested as graft for ACL reconstruction. The specimens were divided into several groups: BCIS femoral fixation (group A, n=10), BIS femoral fixation (group B, n=10), BCIS tibial fixation (group C, n=10), BIS tibial fixation (group D, n=10), Group E is femur-ACL-tibia complex (n=10). Cyclic loading test was performed from 50 to 250 N at 1 Hz for 1000 cycles and followed by a load-to-failure test at 25 mm/sec. A paired t-test was used to compare the biomechanical properties of group A, B, E and group C, D, E.
Results:
No fixation structures failed during the cyclic phase. Cyclic displacement for group B was superior to group A, and showed statistically significant difference after 30, 100, 500, 1000 cycles. Group E got minimum cyclic displacements compared with group A and group B, and showed statistically significant difference after 500, 1000 cycles compared with group A. Cyclic displacement for group D was superior to group C, and showed statistically significant difference after 100, 500, 1000 cycles. Group E got minimum cyclic displacements compared with group C and group D, and showed statistically significant difference after 500,1000 cycles compared with group C. Regarding MFL, group A was superior to group B (572.10±111.12 N vs. 413.96±34.56 N, p=0.118), group E was superior to group A (599.74±85.45N vs. 572.10±111.12 N, p=0.992), and group C was superior to group D (802.88±240.07 N vs. 415.63±51.9 N, p<0.001), group C was superior to group E (802.88±240.07 N vs. 599.74±85.45 N, p=0.024). Regarding YL, group A was superior to group B (521.57±93.96 N vs. 366.99±44.66 N, p=0.109), group E was superior to group A (565.37±66.05 N vs. 521.57±93.96 N, p=0.952), and group C was superior to group D (735.63±242.91 N vs. 394.49±31.90 N, p<0.001), group C was superior to group E (735.63±242.91 N vs. 565.37±66.05 N, p=0.063). Regarding stiffness, group A was superior to group B (157.36±34.31 N/mm vs. 91.98±25.57 N/mm, p=0.001), group E was superior to group A (181.35±25.42 N vs. 157.36±34.31 N/mm, p=0.529), and group C was superior to group D (175.28±43.19 N/mm vs. 128.24±18.92 N/mm, p=0.032), group E was superior to group C (181.35±25.42 N/mm vs. 175.28±43.19 N/mm, p=0.995).
Conclusions:
In vitro, this experimental study suggested the biomechanical properties of novel bioabsorbable cortical interference screw (BCIS) were superior to bioabsorbable interference screw (BIS) used for femoral and tibial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in a goat knee model.
Related Concept Videos
Screw: Problem Solving
To evaluate the...
Self-Locking Screw
A square-threaded screw jack carrying a load is considered self-locking if the screw retains its position even after the moment applied to it is removed.
Frictional Forces on Screws
A jack with a square-threaded screw is a mechanical device used to lift heavy loads by applying a force at its handle. When the force is applied, the screw turns, raising the load. The screw can...
Interference and Diffraction
RNA Interference
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

