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Neutral, Cationic and Hydride-substituted Siloxygermylenes.

Matthew M D Roy1, Shiori Fujimori1,2, Michael J Ferguson1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 14, 2018
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Summary

Researchers introduced a trimethylsiloxy group to germanium(II) centers, creating novel germanium complexes. These complexes, including a unique siloxy(hydrido)germylene and a reactive cation, show promise in catalysis and chemical synthesis.

Keywords:
germaniumhydrideshydroborylationmain-group catalysisoxidative addition

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Main Group Chemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are versatile ligands in stabilizing low-valent main group elements.
  • Germanium(II) complexes offer unique reactivity profiles but are often challenging to synthesize and handle.
  • Introducing labile functional groups can modulate the reactivity and stability of germanium centers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel germanium(II) complexes featuring a trimethylsiloxy ligand.
  • To explore the reactivity of these new germanium(II) species, including hydride abstraction and oxidative addition.
  • To investigate the potential catalytic applications of the synthesized germanium complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a new germanium(II) complex, IPr⋅GeCl(OSiMe₃), using an N-heterocyclic carbene (IPr) ligand.
  • Conversion of the germanium(II) complex to a siloxy(hydrido)germylene adduct (IPr⋅GeH(OSiMe₃)⋅BH₃) using lithium borohydride.
  • Generation of a siloxygermylene cation ([IPr⋅Ge(OSiMe₃)]⁺) and study of its oxidative addition reactions with dichloromethane.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of IPr⋅GeCl(OSiMe₃) and its conversion to IPr⋅GeH(OSiMe₃)⋅BH₃.
  • Generation of the reactive siloxygermylene cation [IPr⋅Ge(OSiMe₃)]⁺.
  • Demonstration of clean oxidative addition of dichloromethane to the cation and its catalytic activity in hydroborylation.

Conclusions:

  • The labile trimethylsiloxy group can be effectively introduced onto Ge(II) centers stabilized by NHC ligands.
  • The synthesized germanium(II) complexes exhibit unique reactivity, including facile hydride abstraction and oxidative addition.
  • The siloxygermylene cation shows promise as a catalyst for hydroborylation of sterically hindered ketones.