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Related Concept Videos

Voltage01:13

Voltage

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The movement of electrons in a conductor requires some form of energy or work, usually provided by an external force, like a battery. This force is called the electromotive force or voltage. The voltage between two points, referred to as points "a" and "b," in an electric circuit is the energy (or work) needed to move a unit charge from point "a" to point "b," and this relationship is expressed mathematically as
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Multiple Voltage Sources01:25

Multiple Voltage Sources

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Generally, a single battery is not enough to power some devices. In such cases, batteries can be combined in two ways: in series or in parallel.
In series, the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of another battery. Hence, the voltage of each battery is added to give the net voltage, which is increased because each battery boosts the electrons that enter it. The same current flows through each battery because they are connected in series.
Batteries are...
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Voltage Dividers01:14

Voltage Dividers

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In electrical circuits, resistors can be connected in series, sequentially linked one after the other. In a series configuration, the same current flows through each resistor. Ohm's law is a fundamental principle to understand the behavior of resistors in series. It expresses the voltage across these resistors in terms of the current and resistance.
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Three-Phase Voltages01:30

Three-Phase Voltages

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A three-phase generator produces three voltages that are equal in magnitude but have a phase difference of 120 degrees. This identical magnitude and equal phase separated voltages are known as the balanced voltages and help to minimize power loss while ensuring a steady delivery of energy to connected loads. As voltage sources in a three-phase system can be configured in a wye or a delta formation, the loads connected to these systems can also be arranged in either configuration. This...
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Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources01:11

Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources

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Nodal analysis is a remarkably effective method used in electrical engineering to simplify the analysis of complex circuits, including those with dependent or independent voltage sources. Its strength lies in its systematic approach to breaking down circuits into manageable components, making it easier for engineers to understand and solve.
Consider a circuit that contains four resistors and two voltage sources, as shown in Figure 1. One of these voltage sources is connected between a...
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Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
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High-Voltage Flexible Microsupercapacitors Based on Laser-Induced Graphene.

Xiaoqian Li1,2, Weihua Cai1,3, Kwok Siong Teh4

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94709 , United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a flexible high-voltage microsupercapacitor using laser-induced graphene. This novel energy-storage device offers high output voltages and stable performance, suitable for powering robots and sensors.

Keywords:
high voltagelaser-induced graphenemicrorobotsmicrosensorsmicrosupercapacitors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • High-voltage energy-storage solutions are crucial for applications like robotics and dielectric elastomers.
  • Existing technologies often lack the flexibility and high-voltage capacity required for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the first flexible high-voltage microsupercapacitor (MSC) with a planar in-series architecture.
  • To utilize laser-induced graphene as the core material for fabricating these advanced MSCs.
  • To demonstrate the device's capability in powering various electronic components.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of flexible high-voltage MSCs using a laser-induced graphene technique.
  • Characterization of device performance, including capacitance measurements at different voltages and currents.
  • Testing of long-term stability through 5000 charge-discharge cycles.
  • Demonstration of powering a piezoresistive microsensor and a walking robot.

Main Results:

  • The flexible MSCs achieved output voltages ranging from a few to thousands of volts.
  • Capacitances of 60.5 μF (1 V), 20.7 μF (3 V), and 10.0 μF (6 V) were recorded at 1.0 μA.
  • The 6 V MSC retained 97.8% capacitance after 5000 cycles.
  • An all-solid-state 209 V MSC showed 0.43 μF capacitance at 0.2 μA and 0.18 μF at 5.0 μA.

Conclusions:

  • The developed laser-fabricated flexible high-voltage MSCs offer a simple, cost-effective, and robust energy-storage solution.
  • These devices are suitable for powering demanding applications, including microsensors and robotic systems.
  • This work establishes a foundation for future high-voltage energy-storage technologies.