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A new pathway for compact object mergers, crucial for gravitational wave events, has been identified. Ambient gas can harden binaries, solving the "final AU problem" and explaining observed mergers.

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy
  • Binary Evolution

Background:

  • Recent gravitational wave detections confirm compact object mergers.
  • The astrophysical origins of merging binaries remain poorly understood.
  • Stellar binaries typically possess wide separations, posing the 'final AU problem' for gravitational wave-driven mergers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel channel for compact object binary mergers.
  • To address and resolve the 'final AU problem' in binary evolution.
  • To investigate binary hardening mechanisms in specific astrophysical scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Examined binary evolution after gas expansion events (e.g., weak failed supernovae, neutrino mass loss).
  • Investigated binary hardening by ambient gas.
  • Performed smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations to model binary system evolution post-shock propagation.

Main Results:

  • Significant binary hardening was observed under specific conditions.
  • Hardening is pronounced when the bound gas mass exceeds the mass of the compact objects.
  • This gas-assisted hardening mechanism offers a solution to the final AU problem.

Conclusions:

  • A new astrophysical channel for compact object mergers is proposed.
  • Ambient gas-driven binary hardening provides a viable pathway to mergers.
  • This mechanism offers a potential explanation for observed gravitational wave merger events.