Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

978
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
978
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion

663
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
663
Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy01:12

Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy

3.3K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
3.3K
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

4.0K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the number of...
4.0K
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

4.4K
Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
4.4K
Second Order systems II01:18

Second Order systems II

411
In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.
411

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessing <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> as a surrogate of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> for DNA gyrase inhibitor design.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

IglF mediates type VI secretion system spike assembly and promotes <i>Francisella</i> virulence.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Cryo-correlative light and electron tomography of dopaminergic axonal varicosities reveals non-synaptic modulation of cortico-striatal synapses.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Structural basis of lipopolysaccharide assembly by the outer membrane translocon holo-complex.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

A ubiquitin-like protein controls assembly of a bacterial type VIIb secretion system.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Molecular mechanism of thyroxine transport by monocarboxylate transporters.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Preparation of High-Temperature Sample Grids for Cryo-EM
05:05

Preparation of High-Temperature Sample Grids for Cryo-EM

Published on: July 26, 2021

4.3K

Using Cryo-EM to Investigate Bacterial Secretion Systems.

Chiara Rapisarda1,2, Matteo Tassinari3,4, Francesca Gubellini3,4

  • 1Structure et Fonction des Nanomachines Bactériennes, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33607 Pessac, France; email: c.rapisarda@iecb.u-bordeaux.fr , r.fronzes@iecb.u-bordeaux.fr.

Annual Review of Microbiology
|July 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial secretion systems, crucial for cell function and pathogenicity, are better understood thanks to advanced electron microscopy techniques. These methods provide high-resolution structural insights into these complex molecular machines.

Keywords:
bacteriacryo-EMcryo–electron microscopysecretion systemssingle particletomography

More Related Videos

Cryo-EM and Single-Particle Analysis with Scipion
09:06

Cryo-EM and Single-Particle Analysis with Scipion

Published on: May 29, 2021

4.4K
Imaging InlC Secretion to Investigate Cellular Infection by the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes
14:05

Imaging InlC Secretion to Investigate Cellular Infection by the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes

Published on: September 19, 2013

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Preparation of High-Temperature Sample Grids for Cryo-EM
05:05

Preparation of High-Temperature Sample Grids for Cryo-EM

Published on: July 26, 2021

4.3K
Cryo-EM and Single-Particle Analysis with Scipion
09:06

Cryo-EM and Single-Particle Analysis with Scipion

Published on: May 29, 2021

4.4K
Imaging InlC Secretion to Investigate Cellular Infection by the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes
14:05

Imaging InlC Secretion to Investigate Cellular Infection by the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes

Published on: September 19, 2013

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Bacterial secretion systems are essential membrane protein complexes involved in exporting macromolecules.
  • These systems play critical roles in bacterial pathogenicity and overall fitness.
  • Structural elucidation of these large, dynamic assemblies has been historically challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent structural advancements in understanding bacterial secretion systems.
  • To highlight the impact of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) on this field.
  • To discuss the future implications of these techniques for bacterial research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of structural data obtained through various electron microscopy techniques.
  • Focus on cryo-electron microscopy, including single-particle analysis and cryo-electron tomography.
  • Analysis of high-resolution structural information of bacterial secretion machinery.

Main Results:

  • Cryo-electron microscopy has enabled high-resolution imaging of bacterial secretion systems, overcoming limitations of traditional methods like crystallization.
  • Significant progress has been made in characterizing the structures of various secretion system types.
  • These advancements provide unprecedented insights into the mechanisms of macromolecule secretion.

Conclusions:

  • Electron microscopy, particularly cryo-EM, has revolutionized the study of bacterial secretion systems.
  • Structural insights are crucial for understanding secretion mechanisms and bacterial virulence.
  • Future applications of cryo-EM will continue to drive discoveries in bacterial cell biology.