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Recent developments in the management of pleural infection: A comprehensive review

Eihab O Bedawi1,2, Maged Hassan1,2,3, Najib M Rahman1,2,4

  • 1Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom.

The Clinical Respiratory Journal
|July 14, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Pleural infection, or empyema, is increasingly common worldwide. While medical management advances, mortality rates for this respiratory condition remain high, underscoring the need for further research.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Pleural infection is a frequent challenge for respiratory physicians.
  • The incidence of pleural infection is rising globally.
  • Despite advances in healthcare, mortality associated with pleural infection remains substantial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of pleural infection.
  • To cover recent data on epidemiology, microbiology, and management.
  • To highlight insights into pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of Medline database.
  • Keywords: "pleural infection," "empyema," "parapneumonic."
  • Included human studies published in English between 1997 and 2017.

Main Results:

  • Worldwide increase in pleural infection incidence.
  • High mortality rates persist despite improved healthcare.
  • Established role of oral microflora in etiology.
  • Focus on the role of tPA and DNAse in pathogenesis and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Pleural infection is a prevalent disease with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic impact.
  • Emerging treatments are expanding the role of medical management.
  • Further research into pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.
Keywords:
biomarkerclinical epidemiologycomputed tomographyinfectionpleural effusionthoracic surgery

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