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Aptamer-functionalized albumin-based nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery
Lei Xu1, Xiao-Yan He1, Bo-Ya Liu1
1Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
|July 14, 2018
Summary
Albumin-based nanoparticles functionalized with aptamers enhance targeted cancer therapy by improving drug delivery and cellular uptake. This targeted approach effectively inhibits cancer cell growth and reduces tumor progression and metastasis.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Cancer Therapy
Background:
- Proteins are explored as nanocarriers for drug delivery due to biocompatibility and low toxicity.
- Albumin nanoparticles offer a versatile platform for drug encapsulation and surface modification.
- Targeted cancer therapy requires efficient drug delivery systems with specificity for cancer cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop aptamer-functionalized albumin-based nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery.
- To investigate the efficacy of these nanoparticles in delivering doxorubicin (DOX) to cancer cells.
- To evaluate the impact of aptamer modification on cellular uptake, apoptosis, and tumor progression.
Main Methods:
- Self-assembly of bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles triggered by hydrophobic doxorubicin (DOX).
- Functionalization of DOX-loaded BSA nanoparticles with the AS1411 aptamer for tumor targeting.
- In vitro evaluation of cellular uptake, cell inhibitory efficacy, apoptosis-related protein expression, and metastasis-related markers in MCF-7 cells.
Main Results:
- Aptamer-modified nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake and inhibitory efficacy against MCF-7 cancer cells compared to unmodified nanoparticles.
- DOX-loaded aptamer-functionalized nanoparticles induced more effective apoptosis by altering the expression of key proteins (Bcl-2, PCNA, pRB, PARP, Bax).
- Aptamer modification improved the nanoparticles' ability to inhibit tumor progression and metastasis markers (p16, p21, E-cadherin, EpCAM, vimentin, Snail, MMP-9, CD44, CD133).
Conclusions:
- Aptamer-functionalized albumin-based nanoparticles represent a promising strategy for targeted cancer drug delivery.
- The aptamer modification significantly enhances the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles.
- These nanoparticles show potential for preventing tumor progression and metastasis, offering a novel approach in cancer therapy.
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