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[Immuncheckpoint Inhibitors: Current Indications and Possible Future Concepts].

Max Schlaak, Christian Baues, Maike Trommer-Nestler

    Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |July 14, 2018
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    Immuno-oncology therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, show promise for advanced cancers and malignant melanoma, offering potential long-term remissions. Effective management of immune-mediated side effects and new radiological standards are crucial for safe and successful treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Immunology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Immuno-oncology therapies have demonstrated significant success in treating advanced malignancies.
    • Immune checkpoint inhibitors are being investigated in the adjuvant setting, with proven efficacy in malignant melanoma.
    • Combination strategies for immune checkpoint inhibitors aim to improve treatment outcomes but increase immune-mediated side effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current status and future directions of immuno-oncology therapies.
    • To highlight the challenges and necessity of managing immune-mediated side effects.
    • To discuss the evolving role of radiological assessment in immunotherapy response.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical practice and ongoing clinical evaluations of immuno-oncology therapies.
    • Analysis of treatment outcomes and adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
    • Discussion of radiological assessment standards, including iRECIST.

    Main Results:

    • Immune checkpoint inhibitors show efficacy in malignant melanoma and are being explored in combination strategies.
    • Increased immune-mediated side effects are associated with combination immunotherapy approaches.
    • Immunotherapy can lead to long-term remissions in some patients, suggesting curative potential.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective clinical management of immune-mediated side effects is essential for safe immuno-oncology.
    • New radiological standards like iRECIST are needed for accurate assessment under immunotherapy.
    • Immuno-oncology holds promise for long-term disease control and potentially curative outcomes in cancer treatment.