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Doublecortin-expressing cell types in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Joan Y W Liu1,2,3, Mar Matarin1, Cheryl Reeves1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WCN1BG, UK.

Acta Neuropathologica Communications
|July 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Doublecortin (DCX) identifies various cell types in adult epilepsy, including immature neurons and glial cells. While DCX+ cells decrease with age, their role in epilepsy requires further investigation.

Keywords:
DoublecortinHippocampusMemoryMicrogliaTemporal lobe epilepsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Doublecortin (DCX) is a neuronal development marker, with persistent expression in adult brains.
  • The influence of seizures on DCX expression in adults, particularly in epilepsy, remains unclear.
  • Understanding DCX cell characteristics in epilepsy is crucial for neurobiological insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution and characteristics of DCX-expressing cells in adult and pediatric epilepsy patients.
  • To compare DCX cell populations in epilepsy with and without hippocampal sclerosis (HS) against controls.
  • To explore co-expression patterns of DCX+ cells with various cell markers and correlate findings with clinical data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DCX immunohistochemistry on surgical and postmortem brain samples from 40 epilepsy patients and controls.
  • Quantified DCX+ cells and assessed co-expression with markers for neurons, glia, microglia, and cell cycle.
  • Analyzed gene expression data from temporal cortex samples of 83 temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with HS.

Main Results:

  • Identified immature (Nestin-/NeuN-) neurons expressing DCX in temporal neocortex, decreasing with age but not linked to HS or dysfunction.
  • Observed prominent DCX+ cells in the paralaminar nuclei and periamygdalar cortex, declining with age and independent of epilepsy history.
  • Found increased numbers of ramified DCX+ cells in the hippocampal subgranular zone in epilepsy samples, co-expressing glial/microglial markers (Iba1, CD68, PDGFRβ).

Conclusions:

  • DCX expression in adult epilepsy identifies diverse cell types, including immature neurons, glial, and microglial cells.
  • DCX+ cell populations show alterations with age and in epilepsy, particularly in the hippocampus.
  • The precise biological function and clinical relevance of these DCX-expressing cells in epilepsy warrant further research.