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Related Concept Videos

Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
The Contractile Ring02:15

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Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

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Cell Motility through Blebbing

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: August 4, 2016

Mobile elements bounded by C4A4 telomeric repeats in Oxytricha fallax.

G Herrick, S Cartinhour, D Dawson

    Cell
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers identified novel telomere-bearing elements (TBEs) in micronuclei. These elements are likely transposons, as they are conserved, dispersed, and cause target duplications upon insertion.

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    Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

    Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans
    10:01

    Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Published on: August 4, 2016

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    08:09

    Microfocus X-ray CT (microCT) Imaging of Actinia equina (Cnidaria), Harmothoe sp. (Annelida), and Xenoturbella japonica (Xenacoelomorpha)

    Published on: August 6, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Micronuclear elements play crucial roles in genome dynamics.
    • Understanding mobile genetic elements is key to deciphering genome evolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize a novel family of micronuclear elements, termed telomere-bearing elements (TBEs).
    • To investigate the nature and potential transposition mechanism of TBEs.

    Main Methods:

    • Sequence analysis of TBEs and flanking regions.
    • Comparison of TBEs with genomic DNA to identify insertion sites.
    • Analysis of terminal repeat sequences.

    Main Results:

    • A novel family of 1900 micronuclear elements (TBEs) was identified, all eliminated during macronuclear development.
    • TBEs exhibit moderate sequence conservation and genomic dispersion, suggesting transposon activity.
    • Insertion analysis revealed 3 bp target duplications (AAT), with elements possessing 77/78 bp inverted terminal repeats containing a telomere-like sequence.

    Conclusions:

    • Telomere-bearing elements (TBEs) are likely novel transposons within the micronucleus.
    • A proposed transposition pathway involves excision, telomere addition, and subsequent re-insertion into germline DNA.