Immunohistochemical Analysis of Myelin Structures

Immunochemistry (immunocytochemistry for cells and immunohistochemistry for tissues) is a method used to label specific antigens, based on highly specific antibody-epitope interactions. The resulting labeling can be visualized and imaged through microscopy adapted to the type of detection system used (fluorophore, peroxidase, etc.). In the nervous system, myelin is a complex membrane structure, generated by myelinating glial cells, which ensheath axons and facilitate electrical conduction. Myelin alteration has been shown to occur in various neurological diseases, in which it is associated with functional deficits. Here, we focus on myelin detection by immunofluorescence using immunochemistry protocols based on antibodies directed against major myelin proteins.