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Canada considers a basic income guarantee: can it achieve health for all?
Dennis Raphael1, Toba Bryant2, Zsofia Mendly-Zambo1
1York University, School of Health Policy and Management, 4700 Keele Street, Room 418, HNES Building, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Health Promotion International
|July 15, 2018
Summary
A Basic Income Guarantee (BIG) could reduce absolute poverty and improve health. However, without additional supports, BIG may not fully promote health and could risk existing social programs, potentially harming health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Economics
- Social Policy
Background:
- Absolute poverty significantly impacts health through inadequate resources.
- Existing welfare states face challenges in addressing poverty-related health disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the potential health benefits and risks of implementing a Basic Income Guarantee (BIG) in liberal welfare states.
- To evaluate the impact of BIG on health promotion and social determinants of health.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative analysis of policy implications.
- Review of existing literature on basic income and health outcomes.
- Examination of potential economic and political consequences.
Main Results:
- BIG can alleviate absolute poverty and improve health for the most disadvantaged.
- Health benefits may be limited if BIG does not move recipients above the relative poverty line.
- BIG could be used to justify economic power imbalances and reduce essential social programs.
Conclusions:
- While BIG offers potential for poverty reduction and health improvement, careful policy design is crucial.
- Ensuring BIG complements, rather than replaces, existing social programs is vital for maximizing health promotion.
- Addressing the social determinants of health requires more than just income support; it necessitates safeguarding comprehensive social safety nets.
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