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Bifenthrin Fatality in a Canine: A Case Report with Postmortem Concentrations.

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A dog died from pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin poisoning. This case highlights the fatal risks of bifenthrin exposure in canines, emphasizing the need for caution with this common pesticide.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Canine Pathology
  • Insecticide Safety

Background:

  • Pyrethroid insecticides, such as bifenthrin, are widely used for pest control.
  • Canine exposure to insecticides can lead to severe toxicosis.
  • Understanding the toxicokinetics and outcomes of specific insecticide poisonings in dogs is crucial for veterinary practice.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old Pit Bull Terrier experienced a seizure after unsupervised exposure to an environment potentially contaminated with bifenthrin.
  • The dog presented with severe clinical signs including tachycardia, tachypnea, and intractable tremors/seizures.
  • Despite intensive veterinary care, the patient succumbed to respiratory and cardiac arrest 28 hours post-admission.

Findings:

  • Postmortem analysis of liver tissue confirmed the presence of bifenthrin using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
  • Four additional bifenthrin metabolites were identified during the toxicological screening.
  • Quantification of bifenthrin and its metabolites in various tissues (fat, kidney, liver, urine) was performed using GC-MS-MS.

Implications:

  • This case represents the first documented fatality in a canine due to bifenthrin intoxication.
  • The findings underscore the potential for severe toxicity and lethality of bifenthrin in dogs.
  • Veterinarians and pet owners should be aware of the risks associated with pyrethroid insecticides and ensure proper safety measures to prevent accidental canine exposure.