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Neurologic Conditions Affecting the Equine Athlete.

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Equine neurologic diseases like EPM, CVSM, and EDM are common in horses. Early signs of these conditions, especially Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1), can be mistaken for orthopedic issues in performance horses.

Keywords:
Cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy (CVSM)Equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (EDM)Equine herpes virus (EHV-1) myeloencephalopathy (EHM)Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM)

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Equine Medicine

Background:

  • Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), chronic west nile virus (CVSM), and equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (EDM) are the most common neurologic diseases in US horses.
  • Young horses are particularly susceptible to CVSM and EDM.
  • Horses in performance events face increased risk of neurologic Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) outbreaks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and risks associated with common equine neurologic diseases.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate clinical diagnosis for neurologic conditions in horses.
  • To address the diagnostic challenge posed by early neurologic signs mimicking orthopedic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of equine neurologic diseases.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic criteria including history, neurologic examination, and testing.
  • Discussion of clinical presentation and potential misdiagnosis.

Main Results:

  • EPM, CVSM, and EDM are the leading neurologic diseases in US horses.
  • Young horses are disproportionately affected by CVSM and EDM.
  • Performance horses are at higher risk for neurologic EHV-1 outbreaks.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of equine neurologic diseases requires thorough evaluation.
  • Early neurologic signs can be subtle and mistaken for orthopedic problems.
  • Awareness and appropriate diagnostic approaches are crucial for managing equine neurologic health.