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Chronic Placental Inflammation as a Risk Factor of Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity

Chae Young Kim1, Euiseok Jung1, Eun Na Kim2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine
|July 17, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Chronic placental inflammation (CPI) is linked to severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. This inflammation increases the likelihood of ROP requiring laser treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic placental inflammation (CPI) is a suspected factor in premature infant diseases.
  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of vision impairment in preterm and very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between chronic placental inflammation (CPI) and the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in VLBW infants.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of clinical records for VLBW infants born between 2013 and 2016.
  • Analysis of placental pathology, including CPI, using logistic regression to assess infant morbidities.

Main Results:

  • The study included 402 VLBW infants (mean gestational age 28.5 weeks).
  • ROP incidence was 24.1%. CPI was present in 22.4% of infants, with 28.9% of those developing ROP.
  • CPI was independently associated with an increased risk of severe ROP requiring laser photocoagulation (aOR 2.739, p=.029), after adjusting for gestational age, birth weight, and oxygen exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic placental inflammation is a significant risk factor for severe retinopathy of prematurity in VLBW infants.
  • CPI is associated with ROP requiring laser treatment, highlighting its clinical importance.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chronic chorioamnionitisDeciduitisInfant, very low birth weightRetinopathy of prematurityVillitis

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