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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing
Published on: February 3, 2021
Highly Conjugated Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks Based on Spirobifluorene for Perovskite Solar Cell
Chenyu Wu1, Yamei Liu1, Hui Liu1
1Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department, School of Polymer Science and Engineering , Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042 , China.
Abstract:
Highly conjugated three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs) were constructed based on spirobifluorene cores linked via imine bonds (SP-3D-COFs) with novel interlacing conjugation systems. The crystalline structures were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and detailed structural simulation. A 6- or 7-fold interpenetration was formed depending on the structure of the linking units. The obtained SP-3D-COFs showed permanent porosity and high thermal stability. In application for solar cells, simple bulk doping of SP-3D-COFs to the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) substantially improved the average power conversion efficiency by 15.9% for SP-3D-COF 1 and 18.0% for SP-3D-COF 2 as compared to the reference undoped PSC, while offering excellent leakage prevention in the meantime. By aid of both experimental and computational studies, a possible photoresponsive perovskite-SP-3D-COFs interaction mechanism was proposed to explain the improvement of PSC performance after SP-3D-COFs doping.
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