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Updated: Feb 7, 2026
14:36
Isolation and Culture of Chick Ciliary Ganglion Neurons
Published on: August 8, 2020
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Bid Expression Network Controls Neuronal Cell Fate During Avian Ciliary Ganglion Development
Sophie Koszinowski1,2, Veronica La Padula1,2, Frank Edlich3
1Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Frontiers in Physiology
|July 17, 2018
Summary
Avian ciliary ganglion development relies on programmed cell death (PCD) timing. BID-mediated apoptosis is crucial for this process, influencing neuronal cell fate during maturation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Avian ciliary ganglion (CG) development involves programmed cell death (PCD) to regulate neuron numbers.
- Molecular mechanisms governing neuronal cell fate during CG development are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate molecular networks controlling parasympathetic neuronal development in avian CG.
- To identify key regulators of neuronal apoptosis during CG maturation.
Main Methods:
- Genome-wide expression analysis across avian CG development (embryonic days E6-E14).
- Gene time series analysis combined with network synthesis from the chicken interactome.
- Virus-based RNAi knockdown of BID and Bcl-XL in vivo.
Main Results:
- Transcriptome analysis revealed a developmental sequence including migration, fate determination, synaptic transmission, and signaling.
- A neuronal apoptosis network was identified, highlighting TP53 as a key regulator and predicting BID's involvement.
- BID knockdown significantly impacted PCD execution, while Bcl-XL did not affect PCD.
Conclusions:
- BID-mediated apoptosis is a novel molecular cue essential for timing ciliary ganglion maturation.
- Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into neuronal development and cell fate regulation.
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