Improving the solubility of nevirapine using A hydrotropy and mixed hydrotropy based solid dispersion approach
Jyotsana R Madan1, Virendra J Kamate1, Kamal Dua2,3,4
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Background:
Nevirapine, an antiviral drug, is a potent reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). It is used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV type-1 (HIV-1) infection and AIDS. Nevirapine is a BCS class II drug which shows dissolution rate limited absorption.
Objectives:
The aim of the present research was to provide a fast dissolving solid dispersion of nevirapine.
Material And Methods:
The solubility of nevirapine was initially determined individually in four hydrotropic agents - namely urea, lactose, citric acid and mannitol - at a concentration of 10, 20, 30 and 40% w/v solutions using purified water as a solvent. The highest solubility was obtained in the 40% citric acid solution. Then different combinations of 2 and 3 hydrotropic agents in different ratios were used to determine solubility, so that the total concentration of hydrotropic agents was always 40%.
Results:
The highest solubility was obtained in a solution of lactose and citric acid at the optimum ratio of 15:25. This optimized combination was utilized in preparing solid dispersions by a common solvent technique using distilled water as a solvent. The solid dispersions were evaluated for XRD, DSC and FTIR to show no drug-hydrotrope interaction.
Conclusions:
It was concluded that the concept of mixed hydrotropic solid dispersion is a safe, novel and cost-effective technique for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs by dissolving the drug in a nonionized form. The enhancement in solubility of nevirapine using hydrotropy is a clear indication of its potential to be used in the future for other poorly water-soluble drugs in which low bioavailability is a major concern.
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