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Nano-topography: Quicksand for cell cycle progression?

Marianna Giannini1, Chiara Primerano1, Liron Berger1

  • 1Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine
|July 17, 2018
PubMed
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Nano-topography enhances cell adhesion but slows cell cycle progression by inhibiting stress fiber formation. This suggests nanotopography can control cell proliferation in adherent cells.

Keywords:
Cell cyleMechanotransductionNano-topographyRhoA

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • 3D nano-topography influences cellular environments and responses.
  • Cellular adhesion is generally linked to cell cycle progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of nanotopography on fibroblast cell adhesion and cell cycle progression.
  • Elucidate the underlying mechanisms of observed cellular responses to nano-structured surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Murine fibroblast cells cultured on nano-structured surfaces with protruding nanotubes.
  • Confocal microscopy analysis to examine cellular structures and protein activation.
  • Assessment of cell adhesion, cell cycle phase duration (G1), actin stress fiber formation, and RhoA activation.

Main Results:

  • Cells on nano-structured surfaces showed stronger adhesion but a doubled G1 phase duration.
  • Nano-topography inhibited actin stress fiber formation and subsequent RhoA activation.
  • Impaired RhoA activation was linked to suppressed cell cycle progression.

Conclusions:

  • Stress fiber generation, not cell adhesion, is the limiting factor for cell cycle progression.
  • Nano-topography can inhibit proliferation in adherent, well-spread cells by disrupting intracellular tension.
  • Nano-structured surfaces offer a potential tool for controlling cell proliferation.