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Increasing Clindamycin and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Resistance in Pediatric Staphylococcus aureus Infections

Dina F Khamash1, Annie Voskertchian1, Pranita D Tamma1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|July 17, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric Staphylococcus aureus infections show changing antibiotic resistance. While methicillin resistance decreased, resistance to clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole rose, particularly in community-acquired infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus is a common pediatric pathogen.
  • Understanding trends in antibiotic resistance is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze temporal trends in antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in pediatric clinical isolates.
  • To identify changes in resistance to key antibiotics over a 13-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study.
  • Analysis of pediatric clinical cultures positive for S. aureus from 2005 to 2017.
  • Assessment of antibiotic susceptibility testing data.

Main Results:

  • A significant decline in methicillin resistance was observed.
  • Concurrently, resistance to clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole increased notably.
  • The rise in resistance was particularly pronounced in community-onset Staphylococcus aureus isolates.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic resistance patterns for pediatric Staphylococcus aureus are evolving.
  • Increased resistance to clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole necessitates careful treatment selection.
  • Monitoring resistance trends is essential for guiding pediatric infectious disease management.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusantibiotic resistanceclindamycincommunity-onset infectionpediatricstrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

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